La Depressi\u00f3 Major (DM), \u00e9s una malaltia incapacitant de l\u2019estat d\u2019\u00e0nim que es caracteritza per tristesa, p\u00e8rdua d\u2019interessos, d\u00e8ficits cognitius i s\u00edmptomes som\u00e0tics, com alteracions del son i la gana. Afecta el doble de vegades a dones que a homes (un de cada sis adults al llarg de la vida). L’etiologia de la DM \u00e9s multifactorial, amb una heretabilitat aproximada del 35%. A m\u00e9s, els factors ambientals, com ara l\u2019ab\u00fas sexual, f\u00edsic o emocional durant la inf\u00e0ncia, estan fortament associats amb el risc de desenvolupar DM. S’associa amb alteracions en els volums cerebrals regionals, particularment a l’hipocamp, i amb canvis funcionals en els circuits cerebrals, com la xarxa de control cognitiu i la xarxa de control emocional. Els principals sistemes neurobiol\u00f2gics de resposta a l’estr\u00e8s (eix HHA i sistema immunitari) estan implicats. El tractament consisteix, principalment, en psicoter\u00e0pia i tractament farmacol\u00f2gic a nivell d\u2019atenci\u00f3 prim\u00e0ria i de salut mental, en els casos complexos, o en els que hi ha risc de su\u00efcidi. Per als pacients resistents al tractament convencional, disposem d\u2019alternatives terap\u00e8utiques que van des de nous f\u00e0rmacs a la neuroestimulaci\u00f3.<\/p>\n
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