Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a developmental disorder that affects the maturation of different areas of the brain. It is characterized by a deficit in self-control, with attention deficit, hyperactivity, and impulsivity being the most prominent.
ADHD can begin to be diagnosed between the ages of 5 and 6, when the executive functions of the brain's prefrontal cortex are fully developed, and its symptoms must be present before the age of 12. In fact, it is estimated that 6% of children worldwide have ADHD.
The Child and Youth Mental Health Center (CSMIJ) at Parc Taulí treats children and adolescents with ADHD. In adolescence, the manifestations of ADHD can go far beyond impulsivity, hyperactivity and attention difficulties.
"Problems with emotional regulation, a decrease in academic performance, an increase in risky behaviors and conflicts in friendships or family life are also often observed. This set of difficulties can negatively affect the self-esteem and emotional well-being of children and adolescents," explains Dr. Marina Esteve, coordinator of the CSMIJ.
ADHD treatment is personalized to the characteristics of each child and adolescent and is based on psychological support, pharmacological treatment, pedagogical adaptations and education for family members. In addition, it is advisable to start the necessary psychopedagogical adaptations from an early age and educate parents in understanding and addressing this disorder.
"It is necessary to guarantee the necessary adaptations so that the child can develop fully and consolidate their learning. Therefore, the information provided by their closest circle helps us determine the tools to do so”, says María Jesús García, coordinator of the Child Development and Early Care Center.
For this reason, early diagnosis is essential to avoid stigmatization of children and adolescents with ADHD.
World ADHD Day
World Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Day is celebrated on July 13, which aims to raise awareness about the importance of early detection, diagnosis and intervention for children and adolescents with this condition.