{"id":20083,"date":"2025-07-24T14:48:17","date_gmt":"2025-07-24T12:48:17","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.tauli.cat\/institut\/?p=20083"},"modified":"2025-07-24T15:35:22","modified_gmt":"2025-07-24T13:35:22","slug":"pot-la-intelligencia-artificial-superar-els-experts-en-ventilacio-mecanica","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.tauli.cat\/institut\/actualitat\/noticies\/2025\/07\/pot-la-intelligencia-artificial-superar-els-experts-en-ventilacio-mecanica\/","title":{"rendered":"Pot la intel\u00b7lig\u00e8ncia artificial superar els experts en ventilaci\u00f3 mec\u00e0nica?","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"wpb-content-wrapper\">[vc_row][vc_column][vc_column_text css=&#8221;&#8221;]\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Un equip de l&#8217;I3PT demostra el potencial dels models de llenguatge per accelerar la creaci\u00f3 d&#8217;eines diagn\u00f2stiques vitals<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n[\/vc_column_text][vc_separator css=&#8221;&#8221;][vc_column_text css=&#8221;&#8221;]Un aven\u00e7 significatiu en el camp de la <strong>intel\u00b7lig\u00e8ncia artificial<\/strong> (IA) podria transformar la manera com es detecten i gestionen les asincronies respirat\u00f2ries en pacients amb ventilaci\u00f3 mec\u00e0nica. Investigadors de l&#8217;Institut d&#8217;Investigaci\u00f3 i Innovaci\u00f3 Parc Taul\u00ed (I3PT) han publicat recentment un estudi a la revista <em>BMJ Health Care Informatics<\/em> que<strong> revela el sorprenent potencial dels models de llenguatge gran<\/strong> (LLM), com ara <strong>ChatGPT<\/strong>, <strong>Claude<\/strong>, <strong>Gemini<\/strong> o <strong>Deepseek<\/strong>, en la <strong>generaci\u00f3 de codi capa\u00e7 de classificar aquestes desincronitzacions <\/strong><strong>complexes\u00a0<\/strong>amb una alta precisi\u00f3.<\/p>\n<p>Les asincronies pacient-ventilador, desajustos entre la respiraci\u00f3 del pacient i el suport de la m\u00e0quina, s\u00f3n un problema com\u00fa en les Unitats de Cures Intensives (UCI). Detectar-les i classificar-les \u00e9s crucial per a una atenci\u00f3 \u00f2ptima, per\u00f2 tradicionalment requereix una an\u00e0lisi exhaustiva de senyals fisiol\u00f2gics per part d&#8217;equips experts, un proc\u00e9s que pot durar setmanes.[\/vc_column_text]<div class=\"eut-element eut-box eut-align-left\" style=\"\"><div class=\"eut-media\"><img width=\"640\" height=\"360\" src=\"https:\/\/www.tauli.cat\/institut\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/VM-1.png\" class=\"attachment-full size-full\" alt=\"\" decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.tauli.cat\/institut\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/VM-1.png 640w, https:\/\/www.tauli.cat\/institut\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/VM-1-300x169.png 300w, https:\/\/www.tauli.cat\/institut\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/VM-1-600x338.png 600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\" \/><\/div>  <div class=\"eut-box-content\">    <p><\/p>  <\/div><\/div>[vc_column_text css=&#8221;&#8221;]\n<h3><strong>L\u2019enginy hum\u00e0 darrere de la IA<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>Abans d&#8217;aquest darrer descobriment, l&#8217;equip de l\u2019I3PT \u2014format per metges i enginyers\u2014 ja havia desenvolupat un algoritme d&#8217;IA pioner capa\u00e7 de detectar i classificar preco\u00e7ment les asincronies de flux. <strong>Francesc Su\u00f1ol<\/strong>, primer autor de l\u2019estudi, explica:[\/vc_column_text][vc_row_inner][vc_column_inner width=&#8221;1\/2&#8243;]<blockquote class=\"eut-element\" style=\"\"><p>&#8220;El nostre algoritme apr\u00e8n de casos anteriors i reconeix patrons en els senyals de respiraci\u00f3 per identificar desajustos i la seva gravetat&#8221;.<\/p><\/blockquote>[\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner width=&#8221;1\/2&#8243;]<div class=\"eut-element eut-box eut-align-left\" style=\"\"><div class=\"eut-media\"><img width=\"420\" height=\"420\" src=\"https:\/\/www.tauli.cat\/institut\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Francesc-Sunol.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full\" alt=\"\" decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.tauli.cat\/institut\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Francesc-Sunol.jpg 420w, https:\/\/www.tauli.cat\/institut\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Francesc-Sunol-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.tauli.cat\/institut\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Francesc-Sunol-150x150.jpg 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 420px) 100vw, 420px\" \/><\/div>  <div class=\"eut-box-content\">    <p><\/p>  <\/div><\/div>[\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column][vc_column_text css=&#8221;&#8221;]La pregunta que es van plantejar els investigadors va ser si els nous LLM podrien directament recon\u00e8ixer i classificar aquestes asincronies sense entrenament previ. La resposta inicial va ser negativa: <strong>aquests models, per si sols, no estan capacitats per a aquesta tasca espec\u00edfica<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<h3><strong>La sorpresa: els LLM com a desenvolupadors de codi<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>No obstant aix\u00f2, la veritable innovaci\u00f3 va arribar quan l&#8217;equip va demanar als LLM que generessin codi per a una xarxa neuronal dissenyada per a aquesta classificaci\u00f3. Els <strong>resultats van ser &#8220;excel\u00b7lents&#8221;<\/strong>, segons els investigadors. El <strong>codi generat pels models d&#8217;IA va obtenir, en \u00a0minuts, un rendiment gaireb\u00e9 id\u00e8ntic al que l&#8217;equip de l&#8217;I3PT<\/strong> havia desenvolupat durant setmanes de feina.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\">\ud83d\udd0e <a href=\"https:\/\/www.tauli.cat\/institut\/actualitat\/noticies\/2024\/07\/li3pt-desenvolupa-un-model-dintelligencia-artificial-per-diagnosticar-lasincronia-de-flux-en-pacients-critics\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Llegeix la not\u00edcia: &#8220;L&#8217;I3PT desenvolupa un model d&#8217;IA per diagnosticar l&#8217;asincronia de flux en pacients cr\u00edtics&#8221;<\/a><\/p>\n[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column]<div class=\"eut-element eut-box eut-align-left\" style=\"\"><div class=\"eut-media\"><img width=\"640\" height=\"360\" src=\"https:\/\/www.tauli.cat\/institut\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/VM-2.png\" class=\"attachment-full size-full\" alt=\"\" decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.tauli.cat\/institut\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/VM-2.png 640w, https:\/\/www.tauli.cat\/institut\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/VM-2-300x169.png 300w, https:\/\/www.tauli.cat\/institut\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/VM-2-600x338.png 600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\" \/><\/div>  <div class=\"eut-box-content\">    <p>Su\u00f1ol, F (2025, juny) Detecci\u00f3n de asincron\u00edas paciente-ventilador mediante modelos extensos de lenguaje. [Comunicaci\u00f3 oral]. Sabadell.<\/p>  <\/div><\/div>[vc_column_text css=&#8221;&#8221;]\n<h3><strong>Potenciant l\u2019expertesa humana, no substituint-la<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>Aquests resultats no impliquen la substituci\u00f3 de l&#8217;expertesa humana, sin\u00f3 que la posa en valor. <strong>Leonardo Sarlabous<\/strong>, coordinador del Laboratori de Senyals i \u00faltim autor de l\u2019estudi, emfatitza:[\/vc_column_text][vc_row_inner][vc_column_inner width=&#8221;1\/2&#8243;]<div class=\"eut-element eut-box eut-align-left\" style=\"\"><div class=\"eut-media\"><img width=\"625\" height=\"625\" src=\"https:\/\/www.tauli.cat\/institut\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Leo-Sarlabous.png\" class=\"attachment-full size-full\" alt=\"\" decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.tauli.cat\/institut\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Leo-Sarlabous.png 625w, https:\/\/www.tauli.cat\/institut\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Leo-Sarlabous-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/www.tauli.cat\/institut\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Leo-Sarlabous-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/www.tauli.cat\/institut\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Leo-Sarlabous-600x600.png 600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 625px) 100vw, 625px\" \/><\/div>  <div class=\"eut-box-content\">    <p><\/p>  <\/div><\/div>[\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner width=&#8221;1\/2&#8243;]<blockquote class=\"eut-element\" style=\"\"><p>&#8220;Aquesta tecnologia no substitueix l&#8217;expertesa humana, sin\u00f3 que la complementa. Encara cal la supervisi\u00f3 d&#8217;un professional expert per validar els resultats&#8221;.<\/p><\/blockquote>[\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][vc_column_text css=&#8221;.vc_custom_1753351606920{margin-top: 10px !important;}&#8221;]Sarlabous subratlla la implicaci\u00f3 m\u00e9s \u00e0mplia d&#8217;aquesta investigaci\u00f3: &#8220;Aix\u00f2 demostra que<strong> els LLM no s\u00f3n nom\u00e9s eines de xatbot<\/strong>; <strong>sin\u00f3 que poden ajudar a crear models cl\u00ednics potents<\/strong> m\u00e9s r\u00e0pidament, amb m\u00ednima codificaci\u00f3 humana&#8221;.<\/p>\n<p>L&#8217;estudi conclou que, si b\u00e9 els LLM no poden reempla\u00e7ar l&#8217;entrenament espec\u00edfic per a la classificaci\u00f3 d&#8217;asincronies, s\u00ed que <strong>actuen com a &#8220;assistents poderosos&#8221; per generar les eines necess\u00e0ries<\/strong>. Tot i la prometedora efici\u00e8ncia i l&#8217;estalvi de recursos que aquest aven\u00e7 pot suposar per als entorns hospitalaris, Sarlabous adverteix que &#8220;queda un llarg cam\u00ed per rec\u00f3rrer abans que vegem aquestes eines a la pr\u00e0ctica cl\u00ednica; la validaci\u00f3 i la supervisi\u00f3 \u00e8tica continuen sent essencials&#8221;.[\/vc_column_text]<div class=\"eut-element eut-box-icon eut-align-left eut-medium\" style=\"\"><a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/40578847\/\" target=\"_blank\">  <div class=\"eut-wrapper-icon eut-no-shape eut-color-grey\"><i class=\"fas fa-bookmark eut-color-primary-1\"><\/i><\/div><\/a>  <div class=\"eut-box-content\"><a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/40578847\/\" target=\"_blank\">      <h3 class=\"eut-box-title\">Refer\u00e8ncia de l'article<\/h3><\/a>    <p class=\"\">Su\u00f1ol F, de Haro C, Santos-Pulp\u00f3n V, Fern\u00e1ndez-Gonzalo S, Blanch L, L\u00f3pez-Aguilar J, Sarlabous L. Leveraging large language models for patient-ventilator asynchrony detection. BMJ Health Care Inform. 2025 Jun 27;32(1):e101426. doi: 10.1136\/bmjhci-2024-101426. PMID: 40578847; PMCID: PMC12207101. https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/40578847\/<\/p>  <\/div><\/div>[\/vc_column][\/vc_row]\n<\/div>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Un equip de l&#8217;I3PT demostra el potencial dels models de llenguatge per accelerar la creaci\u00f3 d&#8217;eines diagn\u00f2stiques vitals<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":31,"featured_media":20084,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[1],"tags":[136,377,137,103],"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"link","format":"url"}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.tauli.cat\/institut\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/20083"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.tauli.cat\/institut\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.tauli.cat\/institut\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.tauli.cat\/institut\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/31"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.tauli.cat\/institut\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=20083"}],"version-history":[{"count":9,"href":"https:\/\/www.tauli.cat\/institut\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/20083\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":20105,"href":"https:\/\/www.tauli.cat\/institut\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/20083\/revisions\/20105"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.tauli.cat\/institut\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/20084"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.tauli.cat\/institut\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=20083"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.tauli.cat\/institut\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=20083"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.tauli.cat\/institut\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=20083"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}